The Umami Factor: 4 Surprising Facts about MSG

I was having lunch with a friend last week and she told me she was avoiding MSG. When I asked her why, she mentioned that she had read about it on the Internet. That was a big red flag. Obviously, not all information on the web is accurate or science-based. I’m always trying to stay current with the latest science on food and nutrition topics, so I went home and looked for info on MSG from credible sources, like the FDA. That’s when I learned some surprising, and sometimes overlooked, facts about MSG. 1. The “G” in “MSG” is responsible for umami. Somewhat akin to the “sixth sense”, there is a “fifth taste” you may not even know you had: umami. In addition to sweet, sour, salty and bitter, this fifth basic taste is described as savory. Even if you have heard of umami, I wonder if you were aware that the taste is attributed to foods containing glutamate, an amino acid in food. Glutamate is found naturally in many foods such as tomatoes, walnuts, mushrooms and meat. It’s also present in many food ingredients such as soy sauce and MSG (monosodium glutamate).   2. MSG is naturally occurring. Besides being added to foods, MSG also occurs in nature. Tomatoes and cheeses contain naturally occurring MSG. With all that glutamate, it’s no wonder that classic grilled-cheese/tomato-soup combo is so savory. The MSG that is added to foods is produced by a natural fermentation process, similar to the processes used to make yogurt or vinegar. MSG (monosodium glutamate) has only two components: sodium (a mineral) and glutamate (an amino acid).   3. MSG provides more flavor, with less sodium. MSG contains only one-third the amount of sodium as table salt. Also, MSG amplifies and enhances the flavor of foods – whether […]

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Healthy Mother, Healthy Baby: Prenatal Nutrition 101

There may never be another time in your life where you receive a doctor’s order to consume 300 more calories per day! Your baby-to-be needs those extra calories. While pregnant, eating a healthy diet is crucial to making sure your baby is getting all the essential nutrients to develop properly. Before we get started, keep in mind that weight gain is a normal part of pregnancy. Not everyone will gain the same amount and that’s ok. Gaining the same amount of weight is not recommended for everyone—it depends on your starting BMI. Here’s a link to the Institute of Medicine’s guidelines. What does a healthy diet look like for a pregnant woman? Pregnancy is special time in life, so it makes sense that you have special nutritional needs. Here are a few tips to help deliver a healthful diet while pregnant: 1. Make half your plate fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables remain an important source of vitamins and minerals during pregnancy. 2. Make at least half of your grains whole. Whole grains offer key vitamins, minerals, and fiber. Enriched grains should be included in your diet, too. These grains have been fortified with B vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and folate) and iron, all of which are important for healthy growth and development. So important, in fact, that in 1998, the United States FDA required folic acid be added to enriched flour to reduce the risk of neural tube birth defects. 3. Choose fat-free or low-fat dairy. For example, try switching to skim or 1% milk. This can help reduce your saturated fat intake. Milk products (e.g., milk, yogurt, cheese and fortified soy beverages) can be an excellent source of vitamin D and calcium necessary for your baby’s bone growth. 4. Make sure to get enough protein. Protein’s main roles are […]

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Is There a Benefit to Going “Veggan”?

How would you describe your diet? Vegetarian? Flexitarian? Do you strictly live off potatoes? Ron Swanson was a major supporter of eating an abundant amount of breakfast foods. You could fill an encyclopedia with terms people use to describe their diet. Luckily for us, you can add one more to the list. A new diet trend is sweeping the vegetarian/vegan world by storm. It’s called “vegganism.” Veggans follow the traditional vegan diet but with one egg-ception—they add eggs to their menu of options. Let’s rewind. Vegetarians do not eat fish, meat or poultry, but do eat eggs and dairy. Vegans also follow the no-meat rule, but also exclude animal products or by-products such as eggs, dairy and honey. In the past, eggs have had a bad reputation, as their yolks contain a lot of dietary cholesterol. Well, never fear. The 2015 Dietary Guidelines state that dietary cholesterol does not play a major role in blood cholesterol, adding that many more important factors affect blood cholesterol. And in fact, eggs are really good for you. Eggs are packed with protein, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats (which support a healthy cardiovascular system), and tons of vitamins that support a healthy and strong body. So why might vegans benefit from adding eggs to their diets? First of all, eggs are a good source of vitamin B12 (also known as cobalamin), which vegans and vegetarians might have a hard time consuming because it is found naturally in animal products, although it is also fortified in foods such as cereals and soy milk. Vitamin B12 is important because it helps maintain a healthy nervous system, helps the body convert food into fuel, and is needed for healthy skin, hair, eyes, and liver. Secondly, vitamin D is vital for bone health and immune function. Most Americans don’t […]

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Fortification FTW (For the Win)

The goiter belt is a term for parts of the U.S. (including the Great Lakes region and Appalachia) where soil levels of iodine are naturally low and iodine-rich foods like seafood and seaweed are not exactly dietary staples. Before the 1920s, over half of the population in some parts of this region had goiter, an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by insufficient iodine intake. Why don’t we have goiter? In 1924, the U.S. started fortifying salt with iodine, which virtually eradicated the goiter problem. Because of fortification, we don’t have goiter. Or beriberi, pellagra, and rickets. Fortification, or adding nutrients (like iodine) to foods (like salt), has been one of the most successful public health interventions in U.S. history and has virtually eliminated diseases, like goiter, that are caused by nutrient deficiencies. Beriberi, pellagra, and rickets are also diseases of nutrient deficiencies that have mostly disappeared, thanks to fortification of other foods with thiamin, niacin, and Vitamin D. Food that have nutrients added to them are also sometimes called enriched foods. While the terms “fortified” and “enriched” can be used interchangeably sometimes, enrichment typically refers to adding nutrients lost during food handling, processing, or storage back to a food. Fortification, on the other hand, generally refers to foods that have had nutrients added to them that are not naturally occurring in that food (like iodine added to salt). Unlike fortified foods, many enriched foods must have specific amounts of certain vitamins added to them to meet official FDA definitions. One well-known enriched food is refined wheat flour, i.e. white flour. Enriched flour must contain specific amounts of B vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folic acid) and iron. Calcium is sometimes added to enriched flour as well. Just as iodine is added to salt to prevent goiter, these B vitamins […]

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Let’s Bust 3 Common Myths About MSG

These days, there are too many food myths to count. Even with so much noise out there, some common myths continue to capture our attention. Some of these common misperceptions center on monosodium glutamate, or MSG. It’s about time we expose a few of the common myths you may have heard. But first, what exactly is MSG? MSG is created when sodium and glutamate (an amino acid that is found in both plant and animal proteins) are combined. It is naturally occurring in tomatoes, Parmesan cheese, walnuts, sardines, mushrooms, clams, meat and asparagus. MSG is also used as a flavoring component in foods to bring out savory, umami flavors to a dish. Myth #1:  “MSG gives me headaches and other problems.” Over the years, we have seen anecdotal reports linking MSG to headaches and nausea.  Ever since the first incidents were reported, there’s been no strong, medical evidence to support these claims. The FDA investigated some of these claims and has “never been able to confirm that the MSG caused the reported effects.” In addition, the FDA commissioned a group of independent scientists from the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology to examine the safety of MSG in the 1990s. The FASEB report determined that MSG is safe.   Myth #2:  “I’m allergic to MSG.” First off, MSG is not an allergen, so it will not cause allergies.  The FDA, leading health authorities, consumer advocates and researchers in the field have identified eight common known allergens: wheat, soy, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk. These allergens are the leading foods that cause the majority of reactions to individuals. Furthermore, decades of research have failed to demonstrate that MSG causes allergic reactions. However, if you’re having an allergic reaction dial 911 or consult a health provider immediately.  Myth […]

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A “Basic” Examination of the Alkaline Diet

The web is once again abuzz with suspicious claims about the alkaline diet. A staple of some alternative medicine circles for years now, this eating plan isn’t new to the pantheon of internet health-woo.  Practitioners of this food fad claim that it can help prevent many ailments, including cancer, by regulating your internal pH. Sound suspicious yet? You don’t need a PhD in chemistry for this diet to raise some major red flags. A quick examination of the science, and a few simple facts about the human body, show that this diet is… pretty basic. What is an alkaline diet? Some compounds produced through digestion are acidic while other compounds are basic (alkaline). As a quick chemistry primer: Acids and bases are measured on the pH scale. On the pH scale, 0-7 represents an acidic compound, while 7-14 represents a basic compound. Alkaline diet proponents claim that alkaline compounds (7-14 on the pH scale) are good for the body, and that a build-up of acidic compounds (0-7 on the pH scale) could lead to negative health effects. The main goal of the alkaline diet is to increase the amount of “alkaline foods” you eat and decrease the rest. Which foods are included (and excluded)? Many foods that are staples of a healthy eating pattern are actually included in the alkaline diet. Fruits, vegetables and nuts are all included as “alkaline foods.” Plant-based proteins from beans and soy products are also heavily encouraged on an alkaline diet. Unfortunately, that is where the good recommendations stop. The alkaline diet encourages adherents to (unnecessarily) restrict dairy, eggs, meats and cheeses. Besides the fact that these foods definitely don’t affect the pH of your blood (more on that later), the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans show that they are important parts of a healthy eating […]

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The Not So Creepy Crawly Side of Alternative Proteins

I had only eaten a bug once before learning about the significant health benefits of edible insects. The first time, I was in the second grade, and my brother dared me to eat it. I don’t think I’m too different from most people since I likely would have never thought to eat a bug after a dare. Years later, with some convincing from some persuasive articles online, I decided to revisit the thought of eating insects. While eating insects sounds like a bad challenge on a reality game show, turns out they are actually a sustainable and nutritious option and have inspired me to be a bit more adventurous with cooking. Do people really eat bugs? Unfortunately, in the United States, there is a stigma against eating these proteins. From a young age, most children are taught to avoid insects as much as possible. Edible insects like mealworms, grasshoppers and many others are a part of the culture and cuisine of many other parts of the globe like in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. These cultures incorporate edible insects into their diets as a way to obtain protein, iron, calcium and  vitamin B12. Using alternate protein sources can be a creative way to supplement your diet if you are unable to get the recommended amount of protein through traditional means. In addition, these products can also eliminate the need to use wheat, dairy or soy products which are all part of the primary eight allergens recognized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). How can insects be used in our food? Bug protein products are formed into a powder or flour by grinding up roasted, edible insects. This flour can be used by itself or in a variety of products including baked goods and protein powders. One of the more […]

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Fiber Fundamentals

Make no mistake: Dietary fiber is good for your health. Yet most Americans only get about half as much fiber as they should each day—and this nutritional deficit has been the case for decades. Even with all its overt health benefits, fiber is consistently overlooked. In fact, in our 2022 Food and Health Survey participants said that when grocery shopping, the only information on the Nutrition Facts label that they looked at less often than fiber was servings per container and sugar alcohols. If you need inspiration for increasing your fiber intake, read on for a refresher on the fundamentals of fiber and its unique role in human health. Fiber Facts Carbohydrate, fat, and protein—collectively called macronutrients—are the over-arching nutrient groups that provide calories in the foods and beverages we consume. Dietary fiber is a non-digestible form of carbohydrate—but that doesn’t mean we shouldn’t eat it! In actuality, our inability to completely digest fiber is part of what makes it so good for us. Fiber has numerous health benefits confirmed through decades of scientific research. Fiber may be best known for its ability to relieve constipation, but it does more than keep you “regular.” Fiber also helps us feel full for longer periods of time; maintain a healthy gut microbiome; stabilize blood sugar; and lower LDL (“bad”) cholesterol, blood pressure, and inflammation, which collectively reduces our risk for developing cardiovascular disease and heart disease. Fiber is naturally found in plants and plant-based foods, including fruits, legumes (like beans, peanuts, peas, pulses, and soybeans), nuts, seeds, vegetables, and whole grains. Most of what we eat and drink is thoroughly broken down during digestion. Fiber, however, avoids the full breakdown process. Because we lack the enzymes needed to completely digest fiber, it remains mostly intact throughout its journey through the stomach and […]

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